16-Weeks of Combined Aerobic and Resistance Training and Hypo-Caloric Diet on Measures of Arterial Stiffness in Overweight Pre-Menopausal Women

Objective: While diet and exercise reduce the risk of cardiovascular morbidity in overweight populations, the effects of combined aerobic and resistance training on arterial health has not been comprehensively examined. Methods: We investigated changes in both central and peripheral arterial stiffness using carotid artery distensibility and carotid to radial pulse wave velocity (PWVc-r), respectively, in twenty-five overweight, young women who participated in 16-weeks of 5-7 d/wk aerobic exercise, 2 d/wk resistance training, and hypo-caloric diet intervention. Pro-Collagen Type I C-Peptide (PIP) was used as a marker of type I collagen synthesis and C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), a marker of type I collagen degradation. Results: Carotid artery distensibility was unaltered (Pre: 5.1×10-3 ± 3.9×10-4 vs. Post: 5.5×10-3 ± 3.5×10-4, p=0.26); however, PWVc-r increased following the intervention (Pre: 8.1 ± 0.3 m/s vs. Post: 8.9 ± 0.3 m/s, p<0.05). There were no changes in PIP (Pre: 1188 ± 91 ng/mL vs. Post: 1222 ± 94 ng/mL, p = 0.69), however, CTX increased with the intervention (0.65 ± 0.01 ng/mL vs. Post: 0.80 ± 0.02 ng/mL, p<0.001). There were no relationships between markers of collagen turnover and arterial stiffness measures. Conclusion: The intervention did not alter carotid artery distensibility or circulating markers of type I collagen synthesis but was associated with increased PWVc-r and CTX. Therefore, 16-weeks of diet and combined aerobic and resistance training may lead to increased peripheral artery stiffness, as measured by PWVc-r, however, cardiovascular risk assessed by carotid artery distensibility remained unchanged. *Corresponding author: Maureen MacDonald, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON, Canada, L8S 4K1, Tel: 905 525-9140; Fax: 905 523-6011; E-mail: [email protected] Received February 25, 2014; Accepted March 18, 2014; Published March 28, 2014 Citation: Cotie LM, Josse AR, Phillips SM, MacDonald MJ (2014) 16-Weeks of Combined Aerobic and Resistance Training and Hypo-Caloric Diet on Measures of Arterial Stiffness in Overweight Pre-Menopausal Women. J Metabolic Synd 3: 137. doi:10.4172/2167-0943.1000137 Copyright: © 2014 Cotie LM, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.